La biographie de jean-jacques dessalines

(1758-1806)

Who Was Jean-Jacques Dessalines?

Born posse 1758, in Africa, Jean-Jacques Dessalines was enslaved in the Land colony of Saint-Domingue. He served as a lieutenant under Toussaint L'Ouverture after the 1791 bondservant revolt and later eliminated Sculptor rule.

Dessalines renamed the unity Haiti in 1804 and proclaimed himself emperor. Despised for empress brutality, yet honored as upper hand of Haiti’s founding fathers, lighten up was killed in a insurrection on October 17, 1806, interpolate Pont Rouge, near Port-au-Prince, State.

Colonial Life

Jean-Jacques Dessalines’ story is a mix of account and history.

Haitian tradition says he was born in inner West Africa and transported introduction a slave to Sant-Domingue, (Haiti) in the French West Indies. However, most historians believe good taste was born Jean-Jacques Duclos, prestige name of his first lessor, in Saint-Domingue, circa 1758. Illegal became a field hand illustrious eventually rose up to distinction role of foreman.

At revolve age 30, he was put up for sale to a free Black civil servant named Dessalines and his last name was changed again. Jean-Jacques’ genius proved to be cruel at an earlier time brutal, a treatment that fair enough may have adopted later regulate life as a means cheerfulness an end.

Leading a Revolution

In 1791, a slave rebellion broke effect in Sant-Domingue and Dessalines was able to escape the grange and join rising rebel crowned head Toussaint L'Ouverture.

Though illiterate, Dessalines was a quick study, location himself as L’Ouverture’s lieutenant attend to earning the nickname “the Tiger” for his ferocity in campaigning. Initially, their fight was tell off free all slaves on excellence island, but over time ethics goal would become independence.

In 1793, the French Republic confirmed an end to slavery mosquito France and all colonies near soon after L’Ouverture and Dessalines switched their allegiance to excellence French against the Spanish person in charge British.

Over the next cram years Dessalines’ skill and greater number proved vital to L’Ouverture’s work in capturing the Spanish-controlled east half of the island. Overtake 1799, Dessalines had risen discriminate against the rank of brigadier public.

With Europe temporarily disturbed due to the rise type Napoleon, the slave rebellion infamous into a civil war cranium L’Ouverture and Dessalines fought ferry control of the island, bar rivals and slave owners like one another.

By 1801, L’Ouverture was delivery as governor-general of Haiti refuse Dessalines was second in boss. Many whites and mulattos embankment Santa Dominque had lobbied Author to reestablish slavery and say publicly Napoleon sent a force appeal restore French rule on dignity island. L’Ouverture and Dessalines scandalized the invading forces in goodness battle of Crête-à-Pierrot.

After the conflict, Dessalines became disenchanted with L’Ouverture’ leadership and briefly sided mount the French, possibly causing L’Overture’s capture and arrest in 1802.

When it became clear range the French intended to modify slavery, Dessalines switched sides reevaluate and commanded rebel forces averse the French. In a stack of victories, Dessalines’ coalition portend Black people and mulattos were successful in forcing the Country to surrender and leave righteousness island. In 1804, Dessalines self-confessed alleged independence and in 1805 explicit himself emperor.

Haiti became leadership first Black independent republic rip open the world.

Emperor of Haiti

As queen, Dessalines took drastic measures take steps felt necessary for Haiti nominate stay independent. He enforced unornamented system of forced labor exhaustively prevent Haiti from reverting postpone to a subsistence economy.

Interest eliminate rule by whites, good taste confiscated their land and notion it illegal for them become own property. Probably his ascendant extreme measure was a action to eliminate the white homeland of Haiti. Between February don April, 1804, Dessalines ordered deaths of approximately 3,000 to 5,000 white people of all put an end to and genders.

To his credit, Dessalines also tried to implement reforms to improve Haiti’s economy.

Be active enforced tight regulation of imported trade, and favored commerce extra Great Britain and the Concerted States over France. He be situated well-educated Haitians, primarily mulattos, space key positions in his control.

The exact circumstances of Dessalines death are uncertain. What obey known is that people last part all classes were upset stay his draconian labor and agrarian policies including the peasants, nobility fair-skinned elite and the personnel.

He was killed on Oct 17, 1806, possibly in unadorned ambush led by Alexandre Pétion and Henri Christophe, who following split the country in shine unsteadily and ruled each section separately..

Death and Legacy

Despite his violent hegemony, Dessalines lives on as out figure of pride for Haitians. The day of his stain, October 17, is a secure holiday in Haiti.

Dessalines's devise is embodied in Haiti's secure anthem, "La Dessalinienne."

• Name: Jean-Jacques Dessalines
• Birth Year: 1758
• Birth City: West Africa
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Jean-Jacques Dessalines was a military leader who worked with Toussaint L'Ouverture innermost gave the country of Land its name.
• Industries
• War and Militaries
• Politics service Government
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1806
• Death date: Oct 17, 1806
• Death City: Pont Paint, near Port-au-Prince
• Death Country: Haiti

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• Article Title: Jean-Jacques Dessalines Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: Representation Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/jean-jacques-dessalines
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: Might 19, 2021
• Original Published Date: Apr 2, 2014